The Bank of Canada and the Federal Reserve (USA) are linked by multiple printing contracts. It has been observed that the causal link also produces a lawful money redemption that the Bank of Canada processes through the Federal Reserve's New York branch. Further, the Bank of Canada must offer lawful money redemption since it practices fractional reserve banking, which began shortly after the War of Rebellion (e.g. Canada's Civil War). The checks, deposit slips and direct deposit receipts will still have the "Redeemed in Lawful Money" language but will have the US Code removed from it.